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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants, the most commonly prescribed treatment for ADHD seem to balance brain chemicals and boost their levels. They are not able to solve the problem and can only manage symptoms if they are taken regularly. The side effects of ADHD medication can include a change in blood pressure and heart rate and stomach upset as well as anxiety and tics. Some children and teens who are taking stimulant medication experience a slight reduction in their growth. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a central nervous stimulant is the most commonly used medication used to treat ADHD. It is available in many forms, including a liquid, chewable tablet, a long-acting orally disintegrating tablet and an extended-release pill. The drug works by increasing the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, which help to improve focus. It can also lessen the symptoms of anxiety and depression. Methylphenidate can be a successful treatment for ADHD in conjunction with other treatments, including behavioural therapy. Methylphenidate blocks the transporters which remove these neurotransmitters from the brain. The drug can cause a small increase in blood pressure and heart rate. People who suffer from diabetes should be on guard when taking this medication as it could cause rapid increases in blood sugar. If you experience any of these side effects, speak to your physician. Methylphenidate may also trigger the condition known as Raynaud's phenomenon that causes numbness as well as discomfort in the fingers and toes. It is a rare but serious side effect. It is essential to notify your doctor if any of these symptoms develop. There is some concern that methylphenidate slows the growth of children, but it hasn't been proved to be the case. If your child is taking methylphenidate be sure to keep an eye on their weight and height. If your child is taking tablets containing methylphenidate, the phenylalanine in it can be dangerous to children with phenylketonuria. Ask your doctor about an alternative methylphenidate formulation when you suffer from PKU. Stimulants are considered the first-choice medication for treating ADHD However, certain people are not able to use them. In these cases, doctors may prescribe other drugs that function in a similar manner. There are other stimulants like dexamfetamine or lisdexamfetamine, besides the methylphenidate. These substances are more powerful than methylphenidate and may last longer. The typical dosage is at least three times a day, but some people might be able take them more often. Psychological treatments are also available for treating ADHD however they are less likely to prove beneficial than stimulants. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine is also known as the brand name Strattera, is a non-stimulant ADHD medication that boosts concentration and reduces hyperactivity and impulsiveness. It is in a class of medications called selective norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors. It is a stimulant of dopamine and norepinephrine, two chemical messengers that regulate the brain's activity. It is a favorite option for adults and children who prefer a different type of medication than stimulants like Adderall and Vyvanse. It is important to realize that atomoxetine does not work immediately. It can take up six weeks before the effects of this medication become apparent. There is also the possibility of experiencing negative side effects, such as nausea and drowsiness. However the benefits of atomoxetine outweigh the risks for most patients. In a double-blind, placebo controlled study of 297 ADHD patients between the ages of 12 and 18 years old, the effectiveness of atomoxetine was verified. Participants were randomly assigned to receive the daily dose of atomoxetine 0.6 mg/kg or 1.2 mg/kg or a placebo for a period of 9 weeks. Both the atomoxetine group and the placebo group experienced a reduction in depression symptoms. The atomoxetine group experienced more improvements in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. However, the improvement was modest (Michelson and colleagues 2001). In a separate open study in another open trial, 10 patients with ADHD who failed to respond to stimulants were treated with atomoxetine over 8 weeks. The atomoxetine group demonstrated improved ADHD symptoms compared to the placebo group with scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale Investigator Rated Screening version as well as the Clinical Global Impressions of Severity scale increasing significantly. One patient was unable to continue treatment due to a eruption. In addition, three patients reported intermittent gastrointestinal problems and one reported increased fatigue (Kratochvil and co., 2005). Before you begin treatment with atomoxetine, talk with your physician about your health history and any other medications or supplements that you're taking. This includes herbal remedies as well as prescription medications. It is especially important to tell your doctor if you suffer from narrow-angle glaucoma, thyroid tumor or adrenal gland tumor or high blood pressure, heart disease, or a history of sudden death. You should avoid Atomoxetine in addition to in the event that you've taken an MAO inhibitor like isocarboxazid or linezolid in the past 14 days, or rasagiline, Methylene Blue Injection, phenelzine or tranylcypromine. Bupropion Bupropion is a non-stimulant drug that can improve the symptoms of ADHD. It can also reduce the impulsivity of children and improve concentration. However it doesn't affect the brain in the similar way that stimulants do. Only prescriptions are accepted. Your doctor will determine the right dosage for you. Bupropion is available in tablets and extended-release capsules. It is essential to take the medication as prescribed. There are withdrawal symptoms that can occur if you stop suddenly. The usual dosage is two or three doses per day separated by 4-6 hours. The dosage can range between 100mg and three times per day to 150mg four or three times every day. The drug is absorbed by the digestive system, and excreted through urine. It isn't able to penetrate breast milk. However, it can enter the bloodstream and affect other organs. Bupropion can raise blood pressure, making it important to check it often. In addition to helping improve the symptoms of ADHD In addition, bupropion may reduce depression. It is also used to treat bipolar disorder. It is accomplished by blocking dopamine receptors in your brain. This prevents the neurotransmitter dopamine from entering your brain, which can help stabilize mood. Bupropion may interact with other medications. Inform your doctor if you are taking any other medication. It's also important to find out whether you suffer from any allergies. Avoid caffeine and other stimulants because they can make the side effects worse. Numerous studies have examined the effects of bupropion versus placebos in adults suffering from ADHD. These studies had mixed results, and many were poorly conducted. Moreover, many of them excluded participants with psychiatric comorbidity. The results suggest that bupropion can have an impact on ADHD. Further research is needed to determine positive outcomes for patients, such as an improvement in the quality of living. Before effective treatments can be created, it is necessary to have a better understanding of the molecular causes of ADHD. This includes a better understanding of the connection between different molecular pathways. Furthermore, it's essential to understand how different anti-ADHD medications work with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants Antidepressants can be prescribed by doctors when stimulants prescribed for children suffering from ADHD are not effective or cause adverse side negative effects. These medications, including imipramine and nortriptyline (Aventyl, Pamelor), work by increasing the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which aid in concentration. Iam Psychiatry may cause severe negative side effects. They are typically used when other medications are not working. The first choice for antidepressants in depression is usually an inhibitor of serotonin reuptake (SSRI) such as fluoxetine, sertraline, or citalopram. Tricyclic antidepressants are still being used in certain cases despite their long-standing history. These drugs are effective in treating pain caused by neuropathic or other but their antidepressant action is not the same. They enhance the noradrenephrine receptor through blocking its reuptake, and they also act as descending moderators for pain pathways in the spinal cord. SSRIs have less risk of toxicity and have less severe side effects than the tricyclic antidepressants. They're also safer in the womb and aren't teratogenic in animals or humans. However, they can cause significant withdrawal symptoms if they are stopped abruptly. To reduce the risk of these adverse effects, your physician may suggest reducing your dose gradually over several weeks. Bupropion, a popular antidepressant that is used off-label to treat ADHD, is not FDA approved as an adhd drug. It's thought to be effective by increasing the neurotransmitters norepinephrine, dopamine and acetylcholine in the brain, which improves concentration. It is also believed to ease anxiety, and it can be used in conjunction with stimulants for more rapid and lasting results. While there aren't any FDA-approved nonstimulant drugs for ADHD however, many people get relief from the use of nutritional supplements and herbs. A diet that is low in fat and sugar can help reduce ADHD symptoms. In the same way, removing caffeine may be beneficial to some people. It is important to inform your doctor about all medications you or your child is taking, including prescription medications and herbal remedies. This will help minimize unwanted side effects and help prevent interactions. ADHD medications can affect individuals differently. It could take a bit of trial and error before you find the right dosage and drug for your child or you.